Early History and Agriculture

The first inhabitants of Martha’s Vineyard were the Wampanoag Native Americans, who had a subsistence economy based on hunting, fishing, and farming. With European settlement in the 1600s, the economy in what would become Tisbury was initially based on agriculture, particularly farming, fishing, and whaling.

In the early colonial period, Tisbury was known for producing salt, an important commodity for preserving fish. The fertile land around the town supported a variety of crops.

19th Century: Whaling and Shipbuilding

The 19th century brought significant economic activity to the region, largely based on whaling, shipbuilding, and trade. Tisbury became an important port for whaling vessels, which were central to the economy of the island. This period saw a rise in shipbuilding as well, with local craftsmen constructing boats and ships for trade, fishing, and whaling.

The town also benefited from its strategic location for trade, both with New England ports and international markets. Merchants and tradesmen in the area profited from the demand for goods such as whale oil, lumber, and salt fish.

Late 19th and Early 20th Century: Tourism and Retail

By the late 19th century, the economy of Tisbury began to shift toward tourism, a trend that would continue to expand throughout the 20th century. The town’s proximity to the ferry terminal at Vineyard Haven made it an important entry point for visitors arriving from the mainland, and the scenic beauty of the island started attracting wealthy visitors.

This era saw the development of inns, hotels, and shops catering to these tourists, along with the opening of local businesses that provided goods and services to the growing community. Vineyard Haven, as the town’s port, became the hub of tourism activity, with many visitors coming to enjoy the island’s natural beauty, art, and outdoor recreation.